Content

After a short introduction to a few characteristics of fundamental rights, two major themes are dealt with. The first theme concerns international and European law regarding human rights in general. In this respect, the following aspects are discussed, among others: the institutional and normative framework (human rights treaties, with emphasis on international control mechanisms), the nature of obligations of the states (negative and positive), the effects of international human rights law in the domestic legal order. The second theme deals with a number of fundamental rights in particular. The following categories of rights will be examined: civil and political rights; economic, social and cultural rights; the principles of equality and non-discrimination.

Calendar:

I. Introduction

1. Concept of human rights; categories of fundamental rights; rights and duties of the individual; vertical and horizontal application; conflicts between various fundamental rights and between fundamental rights and other interests or rights
 
II. International law of human rights: general

2. Internationalisation of fundamental rights and national sovereignty; universality of fundamental rights
3. United Nations: Charter based mechanisms (in particular Human Rights Council); treaty based mechanisms (in particular International Covenant on civil and political rights and International Covenant on economic, social and cultural rights)
4. Council of Europe : European Convention on Human Rights (European Court of Human Rights: organisation, jurisdiction, procedure, execution of judgments; Secretary-general of the Council of Europe)
5. Council of Europe : European Convention on Human Rights (European Court of Human Rights: organisation, jurisdiction, procedure, execution of judgments; Secretary-general of the Council of Europe - continued); European Social Charter (Eur. Commitee Soc. Rights); other treaties
6. European Union; Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe; Organization of American States; African Union
7. International human rights law in the domestic legal order: direct effect and primacy of international law; right to an effective remedy in domestic law
8. International human rights law in the domestic legal order: effects of the finding of a violation by an international control organ
9. Negative and positive obligations of states. Limitations of fundamental rights. National margin of appreciation and international supervision
 
III. Study of some fundamental rights

A. Civil and political rights (selected topics)

10. Right to life
11. Prohibition of torture and inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment
12. Right to respect for private life and family life
13. Freedom of expression
14. Freedom of expression (continued)
15. Right to a fair trial
16. Right to liberty and security; Right of property

 B. Economic, social and cultural rights

17. Economic, social and cultural rights – general.

C. Equality and non-discrimination, protection of vulnerable groups

18. Equality and non-discrimination
19. Protection of vulnerable groups

Course material

P. Lemmens and K. Lemmens, International and European Human Rights Law, Cases and Materials(Acco)

P. Lemmena and K. Lemmens, International and European Human Rights Law, Texts (Acco)

Language of instruction: more information

Deze discipline maakt bij uitstek gebruik van Engelstalige bronnen.

Bovendien maakt het opleidingsonderdeel deel uit van het plichtgedeelte in de Engelstalige variant van de opleiding. Tot slot worden studenten aldus beter voorbereid op het functioneren binnen een internationale context, waar bovendien Engels als "lingua franca" beschouwd wordt.

Format: more information

The classes are mainly conceived as lectures, in the sense that there is for each theme first a general examination of the various subjects and then a discussion of concrete cases. There is room for discussion.

Is also included in other courses

• C00J0B : International and European Human Rights Law
• C0OP3A : The Criminal Justice System and European Law and Policy

Content

Theory: 

• history of victimology and role in criminology
• (recent) theoretical and methodological approaches
• permanent (societal) discussion

Scientific, empirical research on the phenomenon of victimisation:

• describing the phenomenon of victimisation
• needs, problems and experiences of victims
• societal aspects and consequences of victimisation
• specific victim categories: sexual assault and domestic violence, victims of road traffic accidents, victims of terrorism

Practice and policy developments (national and internationaal perspective):

• origins and increase of attention for victims and general (policy) developments
• origins and evolution of diverse types of victim assistance within the police, criminal justice system and social work
• legal position of the victim in the subsequent phases of the criminal justice process (including the execution of the prison sentence)
• the emergence of restorative justice and its fields of application
• supranational regulation and its effectiveness

Course material

A reader with a selection of introductory texts on victimology (available via Criminology's course distribution service) and a Compendium on Victims' Legislation with international, national and regional instruments (publisher die Keure).

Format: more information

• Students participate in the lectures and meetings, active participation is encouraged
• Students write a short "reflection note" on a theme relevant in the field of victimology (individual assignment)

Is also included in other courses

• C02A0A : Victimology and the Criminal Justice System
• C0OP3A : The Criminal Justice System and European Law and Policy